Timeline
- 7000 BCSar-i Sang Minemining begins
- 6000 BCHinduism in AfghanistanVedic migrations to Afghanistan
- 3300 BCHelmand Civilizationemergence
- 3300 BCIndus Valley Civilizationemergence
- c. 3300 BCESteppe ancestry in South AsiaYamnaya culture expansion begins
- 2600 BCIndus Valley Civilizationpeak period
- 2350 BCHelmand Civilizationdecline
- 2300 BCOxus Civilizationcivilization peaks
- c. 2300 BCESteppe ancestry in South AsiaSteppe ancestry begins spreading
- c. 2100–1800 BCESteppe ancestry in South AsiaSintashta culture emergence
- 2000 BCSalang Passtrade route established
- 2000 BCShortugaiestablished as a trading colony
- 1900 BCIndus Valley Civilizationdecline
- 1700 BCOxus Civilizationdecline
- c. 1500–1000 BCBalkhEarly Iron Age settlement
- c. 1500 BCESteppe ancestry in South AsiaSteppe ancestry reaches South Asia
- 1300 BCEIndus Valley Civilizationend of civilization
- c. 1000–750 BCEOld KandaharIron Age occupation
- 1000 BCKandaharearliest occupation
- c. 1000 BCPashtunwalishared cultural heritage begins
- c. 6th century BCEOld KandaharAchaemenid Empire fortification
- -600Zoroastrianismprophetic mission begins
- 550 BCAchaemenid Empirefounded by Cyrus the Great
- c. 550-330 BCEOxus Treasureproduction
- c. 540–330 BCBalkhAchaemenid satrapal capital
- 530 BCAchaemenid Empireconquest of Afghanistan
- 0500 BCGreco-Bactrian KingdomGreek settlers arrive in Bactria
- 330–329 BCEOld KandaharAlexander the Great founds Alexandria Arachosia
- 330 BCKandaharAlexandria Arachosia founded by Alexander the Great
- 330 BCAchaemenid Empirefall to Alexander the Great
- 330 BCAriaConquest by Alexander the Great
- 330 BCBalkhAlexander the Great captures city
- 305 BCEBuddhism in AfghanistanBuddhism arrives in Afghanistan
- 300 BCBuddhism in Afghanistanarrival of Ashoka's influence
- 256 BCGreco-Bactrian Kingdomfounded by Diodotus I Soter
- 250 BCBuddhism in AfghanistanGreek influence begins
- 250-125 BCEBuddhism in AfghanistanGreco-Buddhism flourishes in Balkh
- 130 BCSilk RoadTrade officially opens with Han Dynasty
- 120 BCGreco-Bactrian Kingdomcollapse
- 1st century CEBuddhism in Afghanistanexpansion under the Kushan Empire
- 13th-14th centuryTurco-Mongol Traditionemergence of synthesis
- 22-23 AHKhorasanconquest by Muslims
- 0030Kushan Empireempire founded
- 127Kanishka Iaccession to throne
- 0127Kushan Empirereign of Kanishka I
- 150Kanishka Ideath
- 224DariSasanian Empire established
- 224Sasanian Empirefounded by Ardeshir I
- 224Zoroastrianismadoption as Sassanid state religion
- 300Sasanian Empireannexation of Afghanistan
- 0375Kushan Empirecollapse under Sassanids
- 0500Bamiyan Buddhascarved into sandstone cliffs
- 500Bamiyan Buddhascarved into sandstone cliffs
- c. 500Bala Hissar of KabulInitial construction of fortress
- 562Sasanian Empireend of Sasanian-Hephthalite wars in Afghanistan
- 600Bamiyan Buddhassculptures reached full height
- 651DariSasanian Empire falls
- 651Sasanian Empirefall of the empire
- 751Buddhism in Afghanistandecline following Islamic conquests
- 819Samanid Dynastydynasty founded
- 861Saffarid Dynastydynasty founded
- 864Samanid Dynastyconsolidation of power by Nasr I
- 866Saffarid DynastyYaqub ibn Layth takes control of Sistan
- 873Saffarid Dynastyannexation of Khorasan
- 900Samanid Dynastydefeat of the Saffarids
- 914-943Samanid Dynastyreign of Nasr II
- 999Samanid Dynastyfall of the empire
- 1002Saffarid Dynastydynasty falls to Mahmud Ghaznavi
- 1039Maudood Chishtiborn in Chishti Sharif
- 1133Maudood Chishtidied in Chishti Sharif
- 1136Blue Mosque of Mazar-i SharifSeljuk Sultan builds shrine
- 13th CenturyMuhammadzai Tribemigration to Afghanistan
- 13th centuryMoghols of Afghanistansettlement in Khorassan
- 1210Mongol Conquests in Afghanistanstart of Mongol expansion into the region
- 1210sTurco-Mongol Conquests in AfghanistanMongol expansion into Khurasan
- 1219Mongol Conquests in Afghanistanstart of Mongol rule in Afghanistan
- 1220sTurco-Mongol Conquests in Afghanistanconquest of Herat and Merv
- 1221Blue Mosque of Mazar-i SharifMongol invasion destroys shrine
- 1249 AHKhorasandivision into western and eastern parts
- 1250Mongol Conquests in Afghanistanconquest of major Afghan cities
- 1298Ministry of Justice of Afghanistanestablished during the reign of Amanullah Khan
- 14th centuryMoghols of Afghanistanestablishment of Ilkhanate
- 1332Mongol Conquests in Afghanistanend of Mongol rule in Afghanistan
- 1335Mongol Conquests in Afghanistanestablishment of Ilkhanate influence
- 1336Turco-Mongol Conquests in Afghanistanestablishment of Timurid rule
- 1343Ministry of Justice of Afghanistanestablishment of Fatwa and Legislation departments
- 1343Logar Provinceestablished as a separate province
- 1368Mongol Conquests in Afghanistanend of Mongol rule in the region
- 1370Timurid Dynastyfounded
- 15th centuryHeratCapital of the Timurid dynasty
- 1405Timurid Dynastydeath of Timur
- 1453Silk RoadOttoman Empire closes trade with the West
- c. 1470Maharaja Ranjit SinghKalu moved to the region
- 1483Baburbirth of Babur
- 1500sJalalabadrenamed from Adinapur to Jalalabad
- 16th centuryShia Islam in Afghanistanentry into southern Afghanistan during Safavid rule
- 16th CenturyPashtun NationalismPir Roshan's Roshaniya movement
- 1504Gardens of BaburBabur captures Kabul
- 1504Babursiege and capture of Kabul
- 1507Timurid Dynastyend of rule in Herat
- 1507Turco-Mongol Conquests in Afghanistanend of Timurid dynasty
- 1519Yusufzai Tribealliance with Babur
- 1526Mughal–Afghan WarsFirst Battle of Panipat
- 1526Mughal Empirefounding by Babur
- 1528Gardens of BaburBabur dies
- 1530Baburdeath of Babur
- 1535Siege of Kandahar (1605–1606)Safavid siege begins
- 1536Siege of Kandahar (1605–1606)Safavid siege ends
- 1556Mughal–Afghan WarsSecond Battle of Panipat
- 1600s-1700sMughal–Afghan WarsOngoing frontier conflicts
- 1600East India Companyfounded
- 1600sPashtun NationalismKhushal Khan Khattak's resistance
- 1600British East India Companyfounded
- 1605Siege of Kandahar (1605–1606)siege begins
- 1606Siege of Kandahar (1605–1606)Mughal victory
- 1613Khushal Khan Khattakborn
- 1618Aurangzebborn
- 1628Peacock Thronecommissioned by Shah Jahan
- 1636Aurangzebappointed viceroy of the Deccan
- c. 1639Char Chatta BazaarAli Mardan Khan defects to Mughals
- c. 1641Char Chatta BazaarAli Mardan Khan becomes Kabul governor
- 1641Khushal Khan Khattakappointed tribal chief
- 1649Siege of Kandahar (1605–1606)Mughal-Safavid war begins
- c. 1650Rahman Bababirth
- 1652Char Chatta BazaarAli Mardan Khan's term ends
- 1653Siege of Kandahar (1605–1606)Mughal-Safavid war ends
- 1658Aurangzebbecomes emperor
- 1664Khushal Khan Khattakimprisoned by Mughals
- c. 1673Mirwais HotakMirwais Khan Hotak born
- 1674AurangzebBattle of Nowshera
- 1689Khushal Khan Khattakdied
- 1700sHinduism in Afghanistangrowth in Pashtun-dominant provinces
- 1700sMughal–Afghan WarsAurangzeb's campaigns in the north
- 1704Mirwais HotakGurgin Khan appointed governor
- 1707Aurangzebdied
- 1707Mughal Empiredeath of Aurangzeb
- 1709Shia Islam in AfghanistanMir Wais Hotak liberation
- 1709Hotak Dynastyfounding by Mirwais Hotak
- 1709JirgaMirwais Nika leads a prominent jirga in Kandahar
- 1709Mirwais HotakMirwais leads revolt against Safavids
- 1711Rahman Babadeath
- 1715Hotak Dynastydeath of Mirwais Hotak
- 1715Mirwais HotakMirwais Khan Hotak dies
- 1716Sadozai DynastySadozai Sultanate founded
- 1717Hotak DynastyMahmud Hotak takes power
- 1717Mahmud Hotakbecomes ruler of Kandahar
- c. 1720Ahmad Shah Durraniborn
- 1722Hotak Dynastyfall of Isfahan
- 1722Mahmud Hotakaccesses the throne of Iran
- 1725Hotak Dynastydeath of Mahmud Hotak
- 1725Mahmud Hotakdies in Isfahan
- 1736Afshar Dynastyfounded
- 1736Nadir Shahcrowned Shah of Iran
- 1738Old KandaharDestruction of the city
- 1738Hotak Dynastydeath of Hussain Hotak
- 1738Nadir Shahtakes Kandahar, Ghazna and Kabul
- 1739Nadir Shahdefeats the Mughals at Karnal and sacks Delhi
- 1739Peacock Thronelooted by Nadir Shah
- 1739Koh-i-Noor Diamondacquired by Nader Shah
- 1746Timur Shah DurraniBirth of Timur Shah Durrani
- 1747Kandaharfounded by Ahmad Shah Durrani
- 1747-1772KandaharDurrani capital
- 1747Ahmad Shah Durranicrowned at Kandahar, founded Durrani Empire
- 1747Sadozai DynastyEstablishment of Durrani Empire
- 1747Bala Hissar of KabulDurrani dynasty establishes stronghold
- 1747Afshar Dynastydeath of Nader Shah
- 1747Nadir Shahassassinated
- 1747Koh-i-Noor Diamondattained by Ahmad Shah Durrani
- 1747Durrani EmpireAhmad Shah Durrani founds empire
- 1748Afghan–Sikh Warswars begin
- 1748Bolan PassAhmad Shah Durrani invades India through the pass
- 1749Muhammadzai Tribeemergence as a dominant Durrani branch
- 1749Ahmad Shah Durraniconquered Herat
- 1750Blue Mosque of Mazar-i Sharifreconstruction begins
- 1756Afghan–Sikh WarsAbdali's Punjab invasions
- 1761Ahmad Shah DurraniThird Battle of Panipat
- 1761Anglo-Afghan RelationsEarly relations begin
- 1772Ahmad Shah Durranidied
- 1772Timur Shah DurraniAccession to the throne
- 1772Durrani EmpireTimur Shah Durrani becomes ruler
- 1776Bala Hissar of KabulAhmad Shah Durrani takes residence
- 1780Maharaja Ranjit Singhborn
- 1782William Elphinstoneborn
- 1783Talpur dynastyMir Fateh Ali Khan establishes rule
- 1785Emirate of Bukharafounded
- 1785Shah Shuja Durraniborn Shuja ul-Mulk Muhammad
- 1791Hari Singh Nalwaborn
- 1793Timur Shah DurraniDeath of Timur Shah Durrani
- 1793Durrani EmpireMahmud Durrani Shah ascends throne
- 1795Tajbeg Palacerenovated by Timur Shah Durrani
- 1796Afshar Dynastyannexed by Qajars
- 1796Rahim Dil Khanbirth of Rahim Dil Khan
- 1799Sikh Empirecapture of Lahore
- 1799Maharaja Ranjit Singhcaptured Lahore and founded the Sikh Empire
- 1799Dost Muhammad Khanjoins the royal court
- c. 1800sAfghan Diasporamigration to Europe and North America
- 1800sWomen's Rights in Afghanistaninitial struggles for status
- 1801Sikh Empirecoronation of Ranjit Singh
- 19th centuryQataghanunited with Badakhshan as a single province
- 1802Maharaja Ranjit Singhmoved capital to Lahore
- 1803Shah Shuja Durraniascends the throne
- 1809Shah Shuja Durraniallies with Britain
- 1813-07-13Battle of Attock (1813)Decisive Sikh victory at Haidaru
- 1815William Elphinstonecommanded 33rd Foot at Battle of Waterloo
- 1817Wazir Akbar Khanborn in Mazar-i-Sharif
- 1818Afghan–Sikh WarsBattle of Multan
- 1818Battle of Nowshera (1823)Sikhs begin occupying Peshawar
- 1818Muhammad Alam Khan BarakzaiBarakzai dynasty begins ruling
- 1818Principality of KandaharPrincipality of Kandahar established
- 1818Durrani EmpireShuja Shah Durrani becomes ruler
- 1818-03Battle of Multan (1818)siege begins
- 1818-06-02Battle of Multan (1818)Afghan surrender
- 1819Afghan–Sikh WarsBattle of Shopian
- 1820Neville Bowles Chamberlainborn
- 1821Alexander BurnesEmbarked for Bombay
- 1822Alexander BurnesJoined 4th Light Cavalry
- 1823Barakzai DynastyBarakzai rule begins
- 1823Emirate of Afghanistan (1823–1926)establishment
- 1823Sadozai DynastyEnd of the dynasty's rule in Afghanistan
- 1823Alexander BurnesServed in Persian campaign
- 1823Battle of Nowshera (1823)Battle of Nowshera
- 1823Durrani EmpireShuja Shah Durrani crowned king
- 1823-03-14Battle of Pir SabaqBattle of Pir Sabaq occurs
- 1825Alexander BurnesAssigned to diplomatic mission
- 1826Dost Muhammad Khanbecomes Emir of Kabul
- 1826Principality of KandaharSardar Muhammad Dil becomes ruler
- 1830Alexander BurnesAppointed envoy to Bokhara
- 1830sThe Great Gameintensification of British and Russian interests in Central Asia
- 1834Emirate of Afghanistan (1823–1926)reorganized as Emirate of Kabul
- 1835Alexander BurnesPublished Travels into Bokhara
- 1836Hari Singh Nalwaconquest of Jamrud
- 1836Jamrud Fortfoundation by Sikh forces
- 1837Afghan–Sikh Warsconclusion of major hostilities
- 1837Hari Singh Nalwadeath
- 1837Maharaja Ranjit SinghBattle of Jamrud
- 1837Battle of JamrudBattle of Jamrud
- 1837Wazir Akbar Khankills Sikh general Hari Singh Nalwa
- 1838First Anglo-Afghan WarBritish intervention begins
- 1838British Indian ArmyFirst Anglo-Afghan War
- 1838East India Companybegins First Anglo-Afghan War
- 1839-1842British RajFirst Anglo-Afghan War
- 1839First Anglo-Afghan WarArmy of the Indus enters Afghanistan
- 1839Anglo-Afghan RelationsFirst Anglo-Afghan War
- 1839Maharaja Ranjit Singhdied
- 1839Neville Bowles Chamberlainfought at Battle of Ghazni
- 1839Battle of GandamakFirst Anglo-Afghan War begins
- 1839Dost Muhammad Khandeposed by Dost Mohammad Khan
- 1839Bala Hissar of KabulBritish siege of the fort
- 1839British Residency in Kabulestablishment of the mission
- 1839The Great GameFirst Anglo-Afghan War
- c. 1840Abdur Rahman Khanborn
- 1840Parwan ProvinceBattle of Parwan
- 1840Principality of KandaharSardar Muhammad Dil's reign continues
- 1841First Anglo-Afghan WarRestoration of Shah Shuja Durrani
- 1841Jalalabaddefense by Sir Robert Sale
- 1841Alexander BurnesKilled in Bokhara
- 1841Sir Louis CavagnariBorn in Stenay
- 1841Bala Hissar of KabulBritish and Afghan forces capture fort
- 1841British Residency in Kabulmassacre of the British resident
- 1841Wazir Akbar Khanproclaimed general revolt against British
- 1841-11-12Battle of Jalalabad (1842)siege begins
- 1842GandamakBritish retreat from Kabul
- 1842First Anglo-Afghan WarRetreat from Kabul
- 1842East India Companyretreat from Kabul
- 1842Battle of GandamakBritish forces retreat from Kabul
- 1842British East India Companyinvolved in the retreat from Kabul
- 1842British Residency in Kabulretreat from Kabul
- 1842-01William Elphinstonecommanded retreat from Kabul
- 1842-04-07Battle of Jalalabad (1842)major engagement
- 1842-04-13Battle of Jalalabad (1842)siege lifted
- 1842-04-23William Elphinstonedied
- 1843Neville Bowles Chamberlainfought at Battle of Maharajpur
- 1843Talpur dynastydefeat by British forces
- 1843Dost Muhammad Khanrestored to the throne
- 1846Talpur dynastyBritish annexation of Sindh
- 1848-49North-West Frontierannexed by British East India Company
- 1849Sikh Empireannexation by British East India Company
- 1849British East India Companycaptured Peshawar
- 1849Muhammad Yaqub Khanborn
- 1850Koh-i-Noor Diamondceded to the British by Shuja Shah Durrani
- 1851Frederick Roberts, 1st Earl Robertsentered East India Company service
- 1851Sir Louis CavagnariEntered Christ's Hospital
- 1855Emirate of Afghanistan (1823–1926)name changed to Emirate of Afghanistan
- 1855Rahim Dil Khanassumes rule of Kandahar
- 1856Rahim Dil Khanoverthrown by Dost Muhammad Khan
- 1856Principality of KandaharEnd of independent principality
- 1857British RajIndian Rebellion
- 1857Ayub Khanbirth in Kabul
- 1857Frederick Roberts, 1st Earl Robertsfought in Indian Mutiny
- 1857Mughal Empirefall of the empire
- 1857Muhammad Alam Khan BarakzaiDeath of Muhammad Alam Khan Barakzai
- 1858British Rajestablishment of Crown rule
- 1858Frederick Roberts, 1st Earl Robertsawarded Victoria Cross
- 1859Rahim Dil Khandeath of Rahim Dil Khan
- 1860Sir Louis CavagnariAttended Addiscombe Military Seminary
- c. 1861Malalai of MaiwandMalalai born in Khig
- 1863Dost Muhammad Khandies in exile
- 1865Mahmud Tarziborn
- 1866Darul Uloom Deobandfounded
- 1867Deobandi Islamfounding of Darul Uloom Deoband
- 1867Russian Turkestanorganized as Turkestan Governorate-General
- 1868Emirate of BukharaRussian conquest
- 1870Muhammad Yaqub Khanrebelled against Sher Ali Khan and imprisoned
- 1870sSherpur CantonmentFortifications established
- 1871Sir Louis CavagnariMarried Mercy Emma Graves
- 1872Ayub Khanappointed governor of Herat
- 1872Habibullah Khanbirth of Habibullah Khan
- 1873Shamsul Neharfirst issue published
- 1873Afghan Journalismfirst newspaper Shamsul Nehar published
- 1874Syed Nur Muhammad Shahappointed as first prime minister of Afghanistan
- 1874East India Companydissolved
- 1874British East India Companydissolved
- 1874Nasrullah Khanborn
- 1876-1880Oxus Treasurediscovery
- 1877Syed Nur Muhammad Shahled negotiations in Peshawar
- 1877Syed Nur Muhammad Shahdied
- 1878-1880British RajSecond Anglo-Afghan War
- 1878Anglo-Afghan RelationsSecond Anglo-Afghan War
- 1878British Indian ArmySecond Anglo-Afghan War
- 1878Shamsul Neharpublication ceases
- 1878Treaty of GandamakRussian delegation arrives in Kabul
- 1878Ceded Districts of the Treaty of GandamakRussian delegation arrives in Kabul
- 1878Frederick Roberts, 1st Earl Robertsappointed Commander-in-Chief India
- 1878Sir Louis CavagnariAppointed political officer in Kabul
- 1878Battle of Peiwar KotalBritish Raj declares war
- 1878Second Anglo-Afghan WarBritish forces enter Afghanistan
- 1878British Residency in Kabulestablishment
- 1878The Great GameTreaty of Gandamak
- 1878Battle of Kandahar (1880)Second Anglo-Afghan War begins
- 1878Muhammad Yaqub Khanreleased from prison
- 1878-1879Jamrud FortBritish base during Second Afghan War
- 21 November 1878Battle of Peiwar KotalBritish ultimatum expires
- 2 December 1878Battle of Peiwar KotalBattle of Peiwar Kotal
- 1879Ayub Khanserved as Emir of Afghanistan
- 1879Anglo-Afghan RelationsTreaty of Gandamak
- 1879Treaty of GandamakBritish issue ultimatum at Ali Masjid
- 1879Ceded Districts of the Treaty of GandamakSir Louis Cavagnari killed
- 1879Frederick Roberts, 1st Earl Robertsled Second Anglo-Afghan War
- 1879Sir Louis CavagnariKilled during Siege of Kabul
- 1879Second Anglo-Afghan WarTreaty of Gandamak signed
- 1879Abdur Rahman Khanarrested by British
- 1879British Residency in Kabulsiege of the residency
- 1879The Great GameSecond Anglo-Afghan War
- 1879Sherpur CantonmentBritish forces occupy cantonment
- 4 February 1879Battle of Peiwar KotalRoberts' despatch published
- 1879-02-21Muhammad Yaqub Khanbecame Emir
- 1879-05-26Muhammad Yaqub Khansigned Treaty of Gandamak
- 1879-09-03British Residency in Kabulsiege and massacre
- 1879-09-03Siege of the British Residency in Kabulsiege begins
- 1879-09-03Siege of the British Residency in Kabulmassacre of Sir Louis Cavagnari and his escort
- 1879-10-12Muhammad Yaqub Khandeposed
- 1880Ayub KhanSecond Anglo-Afghan War begins
- 1880Ayub Khanended tenure as Emir
- 1880KandaharBattle of Kandahar
- 1880Blue Mosque of Mazar-i Sharifreconstruction completed
- 1880sPersecution of Hazarasstart of systematic campaigns by Amir Abdur Rahman Khan
- 1880Malalai of MaiwandMalalai dies at Battle of Maiwand
- 1880PashtunizationAbd al-Rahman recognized as Amir of Kabul
- 1880Arg of KabulAbdur Rahman Khan takes throne
- 1880Frederick Roberts, 1st Earl Robertsled march to Kandahar
- 1880Second Anglo-Afghan WarEnd of Second Anglo-Afghan War
- 1880-1897Bolan Passconstruction of railway tunnels
- 1880Pashtun Colonization of Northern Afghanistanstart of settlement policy
- 1880-1900Pashtun Colonization of Northern Afghanistanactive migration of tribes
- 1880sPashtun Nationalismheightened by British divisions
- 1880Abdur Rahman Khanbecomes Emir of Afghanistan
- 1880British Residency in Kabulabandonment
- 1880Battle of Kandahar (1880)Ayub Khan marches east
- 1880Battle of MaiwandAyub Khan marches east
- 1883Muhammad Nadir Shahborn
- 1884Sardar Muhammad Hashim Khanborn
- 1885Frederick Roberts, 1st Earl Robertsbecame Commander-in-Chief British Army
- 1886Russian Turkestanrenamed Turkestan Krai
- 1888Hazara Uprisings (1888–1893)first uprising
- 1890Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khanborn
- mid-1890sNuristan Provinceconversion to Islam
- 1891-1893Hazara Diasporamassacres and forced migration
- 1891-1893Persecution of HazarasHazara uprisings and mass killings
- 1891Hazara Genocidestart of mass killings
- 1892Amanullah Khanborn
- 1892Amir Amanullah Khanborn
- 1892Hazara Uprisings (1888–1893)second uprising
- 1893Durand Lineagreement signed
- 1893Emirate of Afghanistan (1823–1926)Durand Line agreement
- 1893North-West FrontierDurand Line demarcated
- 1893Hazara Genocideend of primary uprising period
- 1893Pashtunistan IssueDurand Line established
- 1893Hazara Uprisings (1888–1893)third uprising
- 1893Abdur Rahman Khannegotiates Durand Line
- 1894-1896Durand Linedemarcation process
- 1895British Indian Armyunified Presidency armies
- 1896Kafiristanformally incorporated into Afghanistan and renamed Nuristan
- 1897Soraya Tarziborn
- 1897Faqir of Ipiborn
- 1897Tirah CampaignTirah Campaign begins
- 1897-1898Jamrud FortBritish base for Tirah Campaign
- 1897-08Tirah CampaignFall of the Khyber Pass
- 1898Tirah CampaignCampaign reaches May
- 1898-04-04Tirah CampaignPeace negotiations concluded
- 20th centuryEthnic Politics in Afghanistanemergence of formal ethnic categorization
- 1901Habibullah Khanaccession to the throne
- 1901Frederick Roberts, 1st Earl Robertscreated Earl Roberts
- 1901Abdur Rahman Khandies in office
- 1902Neville Bowles Chamberlaindied
- 1906Afghan JournalismSiraj-ul-Akhbar founded
- 1907The Great GameAnglo-Russian Convention ends the era
- 1909Muhammad Daud Khanborn
- 1911Spin Ghar RangeEncyclopædia Britannica entry published
- 1911Siraj ul-Akhbarfounded
- 1911Siraj ul-Akhbarfirst issue published
- 1911Muhammad Alem Khanaccession as emir
- 1911Afghan JournalismMahmud Tarzi revives Siraj-ul-Akhbar
- 1911Mahmud Tarzifounded first Afghan newspaper
- 1914Ayub Khandeath in Lahore
- 1914Afghanistan in World War IWorld War I begins
- 1914Muhammad Zahir Shahborn
- 1914Frederick Roberts, 1st Earl Robertsdied in London
- 1915Afghanistan in World War INiedermayer–Hentig Expedition
- 1915Niedermayer–Hentig ExpeditionExpedition departs
- 1915Niedermayer–Hentig ExpeditionExpedition returns
- 1917Nur Muhammad Tarakiborn
- 1917Bukhara MigrantsRussian Revolution
- 1917Basmachi Movementmovement begins
- 1917Russian Turkestanabolished following the Russian Revolution
- 1918Afghanistan in World War IWorld War I ends
- 1918Siraj ul-Akhbarpublication ceases
- 1919Soviet-Afghan Relationsfirst diplomatic relations established
- 1919Amanullah Khanascends to throne
- 1919Revolt in Waziristan (1919–1920)outbreak of revolt
- 1919Soraya Tarzibecomes Queen Consort
- 1919Amir Amanullah Khanassumes power
- 1919Amir Amanullah Khanleads independence from Britain
- 19191919 Afghan Coup d'ÉtatHabibullah Khan departs for Jalalabad
- 1919Anglo-Afghan RelationsThird Anglo-Afghan War
- 1919British Indian ArmyThird Anglo-Afghan War
- 1919Habibullah Khanassassinated in February
- 1919Muhammad Nadir Shahparticipates in Third Anglo-Afghan War
- 1919Modernization Reforms of Amanullah KhanAmanullah Khan becomes Emir
- 1919Bala Hissar of KabulAfghanistan gains independence
- 1919Darul Aman PalaceAmanullah declared King of Afghanistan
- 1919Shuja al-Dawla Ghorbandiassassination of Habibullah Khan
- 1919-02-21Nasrullah Khanproclaimed emir
- 1919-02-281919 Afghan Coup d'ÉtatAmanullah Khan overthrows Nasrullah Khan
- 1919-02-28Nasrullah Khandeposed
- 1919-05Third Anglo-Afghan Waroutbreak
- 1919-05-04Anglo-Afghan Treaty of 1919Third Anglo-Afghan War begins
- 1919-08-08Treaty of Kabul (1921)Treaty of Rawalpindi
- 1919-08-08Anglo-Afghan Treaty of 1919Treaty of Rawalpindi signed
- 1919-08-08Third Anglo-Afghan Warconclusion
- 1920Revolt in Waziristan (1919–1920)end of campaign
- 1920Bukhara MigrantsFall of the Emirate of Bukhara
- 1920-1930sBukhara MigrantsMass migration to Afghanistan
- 1920Emirate of Bukharaabolished
- 1920Tajbeg Palaceconstruction
- 1920Muhammad Alem Khanoverthrow of the Emirate of Bukhara
- 1920Modernization Reforms of Amanullah KhanIntroduction of female education
- 1920Basmachi Movementpeak activity
- 1920Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khanfounded Khudai Khidmatgar
- 1920Nasrullah Khandied
- 1920sDarul Aman PalaceConstruction of palace begins
- 1921Soviet-Afghan RelationsFriendship Treaty signed
- 1921Qataghanestablished as Qataghan and Badakhshan Province
- 1921Modernization Reforms of Amanullah KhanEstablishment of Aryana Afghan Airline
- 1921Khudai Khidmatgar Movementfounding of Afghan Reform Society
- 1921-01-10Treaty of Kabul (1921)negotiations resume in Kabul
- 1921-11-22Treaty of Kabul (1921)treaty signed
- 1922Basmachi MovementAfghan support ends
- 1923Legal Pluralism in AfghanistanConstitution of Afghanistan established
- 1923Loya JirgaAmanullah Khan convenes a national Loya Jirga
- 1923-11-15Muhammad Yaqub Khandied
- 1924Saqqawistsrise to prominence
- 1924Saqqawist Movementrebellion begins
- 1925Urtatagai Conflictconflict begins
- 1926Amanullah Khancrowned King
- 1926Amir Amanullah Khanproclaims himself King
- 1926Emirate of Afghanistan (1823–1926)end of monarchy
- 1926Kingdom of Afghanistanproclaimed by Amanullah Khan
- 1926Urtatagai Conflictconflict ends
- 1926Kunar Provinceelevated to province status
- 1926Afghan Journalismexpansion of media under Amanullah Khan
- 1926Basmachi Movementlargely suppressed
- 1926Darul Aman PalaceAmanullah proclaimed King of Afghanistan
- 1928Emirate of Afghanistan (1929)Afghan Civil War begins
- 1928Modernization Reforms of Amanullah KhanIntroduction of new calendar and dress codes
- 1928-11Saqqawist Movementsiege of Jabal al-Siraj
- 1928-11-14Afghan Civil War (1928–1929)outbreak of Saqqawist rebellion
- 1929Soviet-Afghan RelationsSoviet military expedition
- 1929Amanullah Khanabdication
- 1929Babrak Karmalborn
- 1929Amir Amanullah Khanoverthrown
- 1929Hafizullah Aminborn
- 1929Kingdom of Afghanistanformalization of constitutional monarchy
- 1929Muhammad Nadir Shahbecomes King of Afghanistan
- 1929Modernization Reforms of Amanullah KhanAbolition of monarchy
- 1929Sardar Muhammad Hashim Khanappointed Royal Prime Minister
- 1929Khudai Khidmatgar Movementformation of Khudai Khidmatgar
- 1929First Soviet Intervention in Afghanistan (1929)Red Army intervention begins
- 1929-01Saqqawist Movementcapture of Kabul
- 1929-01-17Saqqawistscapture of Kabul
- 1929-01-18Emirate of Afghanistan (1929)establishment
- 1929-10Saqqawist Movementfall of the Arg
- 1929-10-13Emirate of Afghanistan (1929)fall
- 1929-10-13Afghan Civil War (1928–1929)conclusion of conflict
- 1930Pashtun NationalismAmanullah Khan's nationalist policies
- 1930Khudai Khidmatgar MovementQissa Khwani massacre
- 1931Saqqawistscollapse
- 1931Saqqawist Movementend of Saqqawist activity
- 1933Muhammad Zahir Shahascends to the throne
- 1933Muhammad Nadir Shahassassinated
- 1933Mahmud Tarzidied
- 1936Soviet-Afghan RelationsNon-Aggression Pact
- 1938Faqir of Ipideclared Pashtunistan
- 1939Jalaluddin Haqqaniborn
- 1940Sikhs of Afghanistanmigration from Wardak
- 1943Bukhara MigrantsDeath of Emir Mohammad Alim Khan in Kabul
- 1944Muhammad Alem Khandies in Kabul
- 1945British Indian Armypeak of WWII volunteer force
- 1946Sardar Muhammad Hashim Khanleaves office
- 1946-06-14Ahmad Zahirborn
- 1947British Rajindependence and partition
- 1947Afghanistan–Pakistan RelationsPartition of British India
- 1947British Indian Armydisbanded
- 1947Faqir of Ipiorganized jirgas
- 1947Muhammad Najibullahborn
- 1947North-West Frontierpartitioned into Pakistan
- 1947Pashtunistan IssueBannu Resolution
- 1947Pashtun Nationalismpartition of the subcontinent
- 1947Khudai Khidmatgar Movementindependence of India
- 1947Deobandi Islamexpansion into Pashtun regions
- 1947Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khanpartition of India
- 1947-06-21Bannu ResolutionPashtun tribesmen adopt the resolution in Bannu demanding an independent state
- 1948Revolt in Waziristan (1919–1920)rebellion begins
- 1948Afghanistan–Pakistan RelationsFormal diplomatic relations established
- 1948Afghanistan–Pakistan RelationsBannu Resolution adopted
- 1950sBabrak Karmalarrested for Marxist activities
- 1950sHelmand Provinceagricultural development begins
- 1951Zalmay Khalilzadborn in Mazar-e-Sharif
- 1953Salang Passconstruction of Salang Tunnel begins
- 1953Kajki Damconstruction begins
- 1953Sardar Muhammad Hashim Khandied
- 1953Ahmad Shah Massoudborn
- 1953Muhammad Daud Khanbecomes prime minister
- 1954Revolt in Waziristan (1919–1920)rebellion ends
- 1955Salang TunnelAgreement signed with Soviet Union
- 1958Salang TunnelConstruction begins
- 1960Amanullah Khandeath
- 1960Faqir of Ipidied
- 1960sHelmand Provinceofficial status as a province
- 1960Darunta Damconstruction began
- 1960Mullah Omarborn
- 1963Wakhan CorridorSino-Afghan border treaty signed
- 1963Mullah Braderborn
- 1963Qataghanseparated from Badakhshan Province
- 1963Muhammad Daud Khanleaves office as prime minister
- 1964Salang TunnelSalang Tunnel opens
- 1964Salang Passroadway completion
- 1964Legal Pluralism in AfghanistanNew Constitution
- 1964Women's Rights in AfghanistanConstitution grants formal equality
- 1964Darunta Damcompleted
- 19641964 Constitution of Afghanistanenacted
- 1965Nur Muhammad Tarakibecomes General Secretary of PDPA
- 1965Khalq and Parcham FactionsPDPA founded and split into Khalq and Parcham
- 1965People's Democratic Party of AfghanistanOfficial establishment of PDPA
- 1965Democratic Republic of AfghanistanPDPA founded
- 1967Ministry of Justice of Afghanistansignificant restructuring
- 1967Khalq and Parcham FactionsKhalq and Parcham become dominant factions
- 1967Hibatullah Akhundzadaborn
- 1968Soraya Tarzidied
- 1970sWater Resources of Afghanistanestablishment of streamflow gaging network
- 1970sJalaluddin Haqqanirose to prominence as a guerrilla leader
- 1970sMarxism-Leninism in AfghanistanInitial infiltration of Marxist thought into Afghan political discourse
- 1971Mawlawi Amir Khan Muttaqiborn
- 1972Jamiat-e Islamifounded
- 1973Mes Aynak Minerediscovered
- 1973Salang TunnelEisenhower Tunnel surpasses height
- 1973Barakzai Dynastymonarchy abolished
- 1973Kingdom of Afghanistanoverthrown by coup d'état
- 1973Muhammad Zahir Shahdeposed
- 1973Revolution of 26 SaratanEstablishment of the Republic of Afghanistan
- 19731964 Constitution of Afghanistanannulled
- 1973Saur RevolutionRepublic of Afghanistan established
- 1973Muhammad Daud Khanoverthrows monarchy
- 1973Muhammad Daud Khanbecomes first president
- 1973-07-17Revolution of 26 SaratanCoup led by Mohammad Daoud Khan
- 1973-07-17Revolution of 26 SaratanEnd of Zahir Shah's monarchy
- 1973-07-17Republic of Afghanistan (1973–1978)coup d'état and establishment
- 1974Mes Aynak Mineexploration begins
- 1976Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddinfounded
- 1977Saur RevolutionPDPA members join Afghan army
- 1977-01-05Civil Code of Afghanistanpublished
- 1977-02-06Civil Code of Afghanistanentered into force
- 1978Soviet-Afghan RelationsSoviet-Afghan Friendship Treaty
- 1978Nur Muhammad Tarakibecomes Chairman of Revolutionary Council
- 1978Hafizullah Aminorganized Saur Revolution
- 1978Khalq and Parcham FactionsKhalq faction seizes power
- 1978People's Democratic Party of AfghanistanPDPA seizes power
- 1978Arg of KabulSaur Revolution
- 1978Afghan War (1978–1992)Saur Revolution
- 1978Mullah Omarjoined the jihad against the Soviet Union
- 1978Saur RevolutionSaur Revolution occurs
- 1978Muhammad Daud Khanassassinated
- 1978Afghan Mujahideenresistance begins against Soviet invasion
- 1978Marxism-Leninism in AfghanistanRise of Marxist-Leninist influence
- 1978Democratic Republic of AfghanistanDRA established
- 1978-04-27Republic of Afghanistan (1973–1978)Saur Revolution and overthrow
- 1979Soviet-Afghan RelationsSoviet invasion begins
- 1979Afghan Diasporabeginning of mass migration due to Soviet invasion
- 1979Babrak Karmalassumed presidency
- 1979Nur Muhammad Tarakidied
- 1979Haqqani Networkfounded
- 1979Khalq and Parcham FactionsSoviet-backed Parcham faction takes control
- 1979Logar Provinceresistance activity begins
- 1979Afghan War (1978–1992)Soviet intervention begins
- 1979Ahmad Shah Massoudjoins the mujahideen
- 1979Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddinactive against Soviet forces
- 1979Afghan Refugee CrisisSoviet invasion begins
- 1979Sirajuddin Haqqaniborn
- 1979Soviet-Afghan WarSoviet invasion
- 1979Operation Cycloneoperation initiated
- 1979Marxism-Leninism in AfghanistanFormal adoption by various revolutionary and liberation movements
- 1979-06-14Ahmad Zahirdied
- 1979-09-14Hafizullah Aminoverthrew Taraki
- 1979-12-27Hafizullah Aminassassinated
- 1979-12-27Tajbeg PalaceSoviet attack
- 1979-12-27Operation Storm-333Soviet forces seize Kabul and assassinate Hafizullah Amin
- 1980sPanjshir ValleyResistance against Soviet Union
- 1980sHaqqani Networkfought Soviet forces
- 1980sJalaluddin Haqqaniled insurgency against Soviet forces
- 1980sAfghan Refugee Crisispeak of early refugee wave
- 1980sSirajuddin Haqqaniactive in anti-Soviet jihad
- 1980Afghan MujahideenOperation Cyclone begins
- 1982Darul Uloom DeobandDarul Uloom Waqf Deoband established
- 1986Babrak Karmalstepped down
- 1986Khalq and Parcham Factionsunification under Mohammed Najibullah
- 1986Al-Qaeda Training Campsestablishment of Maktab al-Khidamat
- 1987Muhammad Najibullahpresidency begins
- 1987Loya JirgaLoya Jirga convened to legitimize Najibullah's government
- 1988Al-Qaedafounded
- 1988Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khandied
- 1989Soviet-Afghan RelationsSoviet withdrawal complete
- 1989Hezb-e Wahdatfounded
- 1989Salang TunnelSoviet withdrawal from Afghanistan
- 1989Afghan War (1978–1992)Soviet withdrawal
- 1989JalalabadBattle of Jalalabad
- 1989Ahmad Shah MassoudSoviet withdrawal
- 1989Soviet-Afghan WarSoviet withdrawal
- 1989Operation Cyclonemajor funding ceased
- 1989Afghan MujahideenSoviet withdrawal from Afghanistan
- 1990sAhmad Shah Massoudleads the government
- 1992-1996Afghan Diasporacivil war migration
- 1992Muhammad Najibullahresignation
- 1992People's Democratic Party of AfghanistanPDPA loses power
- 1992Afghan War (1978–1992)Collapse of the communist government
- 1992Jamiat-e Islamibecomes a primary political and military force
- 1992Transboundary Water Management in Central AsiaInterstate Commission for Water Coordination established
- 1992Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddinparticipation in Afghan government
- 1992Operation Cycloneend of Soviet intervention
- 1992Afghan Mujahideenmujahideen factions capture Kabul
- 1992Democratic Republic of AfghanistanDRA government collapses
- 1994Talibanformation
- 1994Mullah Omarfounded the Taliban
- 1996Babrak Karmaldied
- 1996Muhammad Najibullahdied
- 1996-2001Persecution of Hazarasincreased persecution under Taliban rule
- 1996Women's Rights in AfghanistanTaliban takeover and systematic repression
- 1996Arg of KabulNorthern Alliance takes Kabul
- 1996Jamiat-e Islamiparticipation in the formation of the Islamic Emirate
- 1996Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (1996–2001)fall of Kabul
- 1996Talibandeclaration of Amir al-Mu’minin
- 1996Al-Qaedaheyday begins
- 1996Mullah Omarbecame supreme leader of the Islamic Emirate
- 1996Deobandi Islamadoption by the Taliban
- 1997CAREC Transport CorridorCAREC Program established
- 1999-2001Al-Qaeda Training Campsexpansion of training sites in Kandahar and Kabul
- 2001Bamiyan Buddhasdestroyed by the Taliban
- 2001Hezb-e Wahdatactive in government
- 2001Agreement for Bringing Peace to AfghanistanU.S. invasion of Afghanistan
- 2001Haqqani Networkbecame ally of the Taliban
- 2001Islamic Republic of AfghanistanUS invasion of Afghanistan
- 2001The Transformation Decade ReformsInitiation of reform agenda
- 2001Women's Rights in AfghanistanFall of Taliban
- 2001Ethnic Politics in Afghanistanpolitical instrumentalization of ethnicity in state-building
- 2001Forward Operating Base Shankestablished as a U.S. military base
- 2001Al-Qaeda Training Campsdestruction of camps during Operation Enduring Freedom
- 2001Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (1996–2001)overthrown by US-led coalition
- 2001Ahmad Shah Massoudassassinated
- 2001Jalaluddin HaqqaniMinister of Frontier Affairs
- 2001Talibanouster by U.S. forces
- 2001Afghan Refugee Crisisstart of US-led intervention
- 2001Al-Qaeda9/11 attacks
- 2001Mullah Omaroverthrown by the United States
- 2002Islamic Republic of Afghanistantransitional administration begins
- 2002Loya JirgaLoya Jirga convened under the Bonn Agreement
- 2002-20041964 Constitution of Afghanistanpartial restoration
- 2003Loya JirgaConstitutional Loya Jirga
- 2003-12-13Constitution of Afghanistan (2004)Special Loya Jirga begins
- 2004Shia Islam in Afghanistanofficial recognition in the constitution
- 2004Islamic Republic of Afghanistanconstitution adopted
- 2004Islamic Republic of Afghanistanrepublic established
- 2004Legal Pluralism in AfghanistanCurrent Constitution emphasizing Islamic law
- 2004Panjshir Provinceprovince established
- 2004-01-04Constitution of Afghanistan (2004)Special Loya Jirga concludes
- 2004-01-24Constitution of Afghanistan (2004)Constitution ratified by President Karzai
- 2005Zalmay Khalilzadappointed U.S. Ambassador to Iraq
- 2005Al-Qaedafragmentation period begins
- 2006Kajki DamKajki Dam incident
- 2007Muhammad Zahir Shahdied
- 2007Bala Hissar of KabulDAFA archaeological investigations begin
- 2007Zalmay Khalilzadappointed U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations
- 2008Mes Aynak MineChinese contract signed
- 2008Forward Operating Base Shankhub for Afghan National Security Force training
- 2008Gardens of BaburAga Khan Trust begins restoration
- 2009Afghan Journalists Safety Committeefounded
- 2009Helmand Provincestart of major international military presence
- 2010Mullah Bradercaptured by Pakistan
- 2010The Transformation Decade ReformsLaunch of Transformation Decade program
- 2010Loya JirgaPeace Jirga
- 2010sPashtun Nationalismemergence of Pashtun Tahafuz Movement
- 2010Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddinclashes with Taliban
- 2011Laghman ProvinceLaghman University established
- 2011CAREC Transport CorridorAfghanistan joins Cross-Border Transport Agreement
- 2011Laghman Universityfounded
- 2013Mullah Braderleads Quetta Shura
- 2013Mullah Omardeath
- 2014Afghan Diasporamigration due to international troop withdrawal
- 2015Islamic State – Khorasan Provinceemerges
- 2015Al-Qaeda Training Campsdestruction of a major camp in southern Afghanistan
- 2016Hibatullah Akhundzadabecomes supreme leader of the Taliban
- 2017Afghan Journalists Safety Committeeconsultative meetings across multiple provinces
- 2017Lapis Lazuli CorridorLapis Lazuli Agreement signed
- 2018Talc Mining in AfghanistanReport on illegal mining by ISKP
- 2018Child Marriage in AfghanistanUNICEF reports 10% drop in prevalence
- 2018Lapis Lazuli CorridorCorridor opened
- 2018Gardens of BaburRestoration project completes
- 2018Zalmay Khalilzadappointed U.S. Special Representative for Afghanistan Reconciliation
- 2018-09-03Jalaluddin Haqqanidied
- 2019Hazara Diasporaestablishment of annual Hazara Culture Day in diaspora
- 2020sQosh Tepa CanalConstruction initiated
- 2020Water Resources of Afghanistanenactment of new water law
- 2020-02-29Agreement for Bringing Peace to Afghanistansigned
- 2021Bamiyan Buddhascommemorated 20 years of destruction
- 2021KandaharTaliban capture
- 2021Hezb-e Wahdatloss of power
- 2021Afghan Diasporamajor evacuation following Taliban takeover
- 2021Madrasa Education in AfghanistanTaliban take control and prioritize madrasa expansion
- 2021Afghanistan–Pakistan RelationsTaliban resurgence in Afghanistan
- 2021Child Marriage in AfghanistanUNICEF reports 28% of women married before 18
- 2021Constitution of Afghanistan (2004)End of the Islamic Republic
- 2021Gender Apartheid in AfghanistanTaliban regain control
- 2021Haqqani Networkplayed key role in Taliban offensive
- 2021Islamic Republic of Afghanistanfall of Kabul to Taliban
- 2021Logar Provincefell to Taliban forces
- 2021Mullah Braderreturns to Afghanistan
- 2021National Resistance Frontfounded by Ahmad Massoud
- 2021-presentPersecution of Hazarasongoing reports of targeted violence and displacement
- 2021Women's Rights in AfghanistanTaliban return and imposition of gender apartheid
- 2021Ethnic Politics in Afghanistanintensification of ethnic tensions under Taliban rule
- 2021Kabul Airport AttackTaliban capture Kabul
- 2021Arg of KabulTaliban capture Kabul
- 2021Forward Operating Base Shanktransition to Afghan commandos
- 2021Al-Qaeda Training Campsresurgence of training infrastructure under Taliban rule
- 2021Afghan JournalismTaliban takeover impacts press freedom
- 2021Pashtunistan IssueRenewed tensions over border control
- 2021Mawlawi Amir Khan Muttaqiappointed minister of foreign affairs
- 2021Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddinimpact of Taliban takeover
- 2021Panjshir ProvinceTaliban takeover
- 2021Talibanreturn to power
- 2021Afghan Refugee CrisisTaliban takeover and massive international migration wave
- 2021Zalmay Khalilzadconcludes term as Special Representative
- 2021Hibatullah Akhundzadabecomes de facto leader of Afghanistan
- 2021Sirajuddin Haqqaniappointed first deputy leader of the Taliban
- 2021Sharia Law in AfghanistanTaliban regain control and enforce strict Hanafi Sharia
- 2021-20221964 Constitution of Afghanistanpartial restoration
- 2021-05Talc Mining in AfghanistanResumption of talc stone exports
- 2021-08-26Islamic State – Khorasan Provinceattacks Kabul airport
- 2021-08-31Agreement for Bringing Peace to Afghanistancompletion of U.S. troop withdrawal
- 2021-09-06Panjshir ValleyTaliban claim victory
- 2021-09-07Mullah Braderappointed deputy leader
- 2022Sikhs of Afghanistansignificant population decline reported
- 2022Ministry of Justice of Afghanistancurrent administration under the Islamic Emirate
- 2022Gender Apartheid in AfghanistanBan on female education
- 2022Kajki Damcompletion of phase 2
- 2023Salang Passmodern tunnel improvements
- 2023Afghan Journalists Safety Committeereports on journalist safety hazards
- 2023Gender Apartheid in AfghanistanBan on female employment
- 2024Mes Aynak Mineofficial mining begins
- 2025Afghanistan–Pakistan RelationsEscalation of cross-border skirmishes
- 2025CAREC Transport CorridorTransport Strategy 2030 target year
- 2025Transboundary Water Management in Central AsiaOngoing climate-risk assessments
- 2026Madrasa Education in AfghanistanReports of cross-border madrasa networks influencing regional stability
- 2026Child Marriage in AfghanistanTaliban issues Decree No. 18 legalizing child marriage
- 2026Hazara DiasporaHazara Diaspora Network general assembly in Sweden
- 2026Sharia Law in AfghanistanIntroduction of new penal code
- 2026-09Talc Mining in AfghanistanContract signed for Nangarhar talc mine