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Shamsul Nehar

Shamsul Nehar was the first printed periodical and newspaper in Afghanistan.[1][2][3][4][5][6] It began publication in 1873.[1][2][3][4][5][6] The title translates to "Midday Sun."[3][6][7] The periodical was published biweekly in the Persian language.[5]

Origins and Founding

The press in Afghanistan was established in a formal sense following the formation of a new state structure.[3][6]EnglishThe press in Afghanistan was established in a formal sense following the formation of a new state structure.پښتودغه ورځپاڼه د سید جمال الدین افغان په مسوولیت کې خپره شوې ده. Shamsul Nehar emerged during the period of the rule of Sher Ali Khan, the King of Afghanistan.[3][5][6][7]EnglishShamsul Nehar emerged during the period of the rule of Sher Ali Khan, the King of Afghanistan.پښتومیرزا عبدالعلي د دورې تر بندیدو پورې د مشر مدیر په توګه دنده ترسره کړې. The periodical was established as the country's first printed media outlet.[4][5]EnglishThe periodical was established as the country's first printed media outlet.پښتود شمسول نهار د ليکنې سبک د انګليسي ژورناليزم له کړنلارو اغېزمن شوی و.

Editorial Leadership

The newspaper was published under the responsibility of Sayed Jamaludin Afghan.[1][4]EnglishThe newspaper was published under the responsibility of Sayed Jamaludin Afghan.پښتود دې سرمقاله کولو یوه د پام وړ ب ځانګړنهه د فارسي مترادف ګزارشګر پرځای د انګلیسي اصطلاح "مراسل" دوامداره کارول و. Mirza Abdul Ali served as the chief editor until the periodical's closure.[5]EnglishMirza Abdul Ali served as the chief editor until the periodical's closure.پښتوخپرونه د ۴۰ او ۴۸ ترمنځ شمیرې چاپ کړې. The writing style of Shamsul Nehar was influenced by English journalism practices.[5]EnglishThe writing style of Shamsul Nehar was influenced by English journalism practices.پښتودا د ۱۸۷۸ په نومبر کې عملیات بند کړل. One notable feature of its editorial approach was the consistent use of the English term "correspondent" instead of the Persian synonym guzarushgar.[5]EnglishOne notable feature of its editorial approach was the consistent use of the English term "correspondent" instead of the Persian synonym guzarushgar.پښتود دویمه انګلیسي - افغان جګړه ناروغۍ له خپرېدو او د امیر شیر علي خان له مړینې وروسته تړل شوی و.

Role in Afghan Journalism

Shamsul Nehar is recognized as the earliest publication in the country's media history.[5] It was followed by subsequent journals, such as Seraj-ul-Akhbar, which launched in 1911.[1][2]

Cessation and Legacy

The publication printed between 40 and 48 issues.[1] It ceased operations in November 1878.[5] The closure followed the outbreak of the Second Anglo-Afghan War and the death of Emir Sher Ali Khan.[5] British authorities pressured the Afghan government to halt the publication due to concerns that the free flow of information might incite mass mobilization against colonial rule.[5]

Sources

  1. (PDF) History of Newspaper in Afghanistan - Academia.edu
  2. History of Newspaper of Afghanistan | PDF | Afghanistan | Kabul
  3. History of Newspaper in Afghanistan - ResearchGate
  4. History of Newspaper in Afghanistan
  5. Shams al-Nahar - Wikipedia
  6. PDF History of freedom of press and current barriers in Afghanistan
  7. History of Newspaper in Afghanistan